Innovare Revista de ciencia y tecnología
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description: Innovare is an electronic journal of science and technology published in Honduras by Universidad Tecnológica Centroamericana (UNITEC) and its objective is to disseminate articles focused on aspects of technology and innovation in all areas of knowledge. Innovare is an open access, multidisciplinary, international, bilingual, semestral, and uses the double-blind peer review system.
publisher: Universidad Tecnológica Centroamericana
language: en
publication name: Innovare Revista de ciencia y tecnología
issn: 2310-290X
items: Innovation and the evolutionary dynamics of territories: A permanent challenge in Latin America and the Caribbean
items: Autodesk Forma Site Design as a Pedagogical Tool for Bioclimatic Analysis: A Residential Subdivision Case Study
items: Analysis of Profitability in Coffee Production and Sustainability: A Case Study of Family-Owned Businesses
items: Evolution of Multicellularity and Complex Human Societies: The Common Factors Involved in Both Transitions
items: Innovation and Entrepreneurship Ecosystem in AgriFoodTech in the Northern Triangle of Central America
items: Caffeine as a natural stimulant and metabolic modulator
items: Evolutionary Model of Faculty and Institutional Evaluation for the Continuous Improvement of the Teaching and Learning Process
items: Red Centroamericana y Caribeña de Investigadores del Fenómeno Religioso (RECIFRE 2025)
items: Quality, optimization, and cybersecurity: innovative processes and applied technology for regional sustainability and competitiveness
items: Between Mathematical Training and Professional Reality in Panama’s Mathematics Degree Programs
items: Business Incubators for the University Student Training Process
items: AI governance: Hiroshima AI process compared to Honduran and Latin American advances
items: Self-medication and associated factors in patients with acne attending a private health facility, Honduras
items: Bibliometric Analysis on Innovation and Cybersecurity: A Strategic Approach for Digitalized Companies in Latin America
items: Mobile unit for pig processing: Diagnosis and alternative for small producers in the central region of Honduras
items: CONICIETI. Section miscellaneous
items: Optimization of a manufacturing process through simulation with FlexSim: Comparative analysis with traditional methods
items: From wounds to functional ecosystems thanks to the silent work of mycorrhizae
items: Towards clean agriculture: The potential of vermicompost against soil contamination by heavy metals
items: Physicochemical and bacteriological quality of the Villanueva aquifer, Cortés, Honduras
items: CONICIETI. Section biological and health sciences
items: CONICIETI. Section teaching and learning
items: CONICIETI. Section sustainable development
items: CONICIETI. Section social sciences, humanities and arts
items: CONICIETI. Section engineering, technology, and management
items: Foreword and photo gallery
items: Proceedings Congreso de Innovación Educativa (CIE 2024)
items: New educational models will determine the future of the universities
items: Scientometric and bibliometric analysis of scientific production on territorial competitiveness to 2024
items: Innovative and multidisciplinary experience establishing the One Health Research Institute in Honduras

Innovation and the evolutionary dynamics of territories: A permanent challenge in Latin America and the Caribbean
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description: Innovation is central to economic development, business competitiveness, and regional development, playing a key role in helping businesses adapt and remain sustainable in increasingly demanding and globalized markets. From a classical perspective, Schumpeter emphasizes the importance of innovation as a driver of economic growth through the process of “creative destruction,” in which new products, processes, and business models replace obsolete ones, thereby fostering market dynamism.
subject: Editorial
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creator: Marcelo Chacana Ojeda
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Marcelo Chacana Ojeda https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-06-27
publication date: 2026-06-27
starting page: 1
ending page: 1
doi: 10.69845/innovare.v15i1.648

Autodesk Forma Site Design as a Pedagogical Tool for Bioclimatic Analysis: A Residential Subdivision Case Study
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description: Las plataformas BIM nativas en la nube ofrecen capacidades integradas de análisis ambiental que aún han sido poco exploradas en la educación arquitectónica. Diecinueve estudiantes de licenciatura del Tecnológico de Monterrey utilizaron Autodesk Forma para analizar una subdivisión residencial real proporcionada por un socio de la industria, a lo largo de dos sesiones de cinco horas. Cuatro equipos poblaron simultáneamente un modelo compartido en la nube mediante importaciones de masas desde Revit y herramientas nativas de Forma; posteriormente, realizaron análisis solares, de viento, deslumbramiento y sombras en las zonas asignadas. A pesar de contar con una exposición previa limitada a la plataforma, los estudiantes produjeron argumentos bioclimáticos multicriterio técnicamente sólidos. Las reflexiones evidenciaron cambios conceptuales significativos en torno a la orientación y el diseño pasivo. Autodesk Forma demuestra ser viable para el análisis ambiental colaborativo en etapas tempranas dentro de la educación arquitectónica de pregrado. -- Cloud-native BIM platforms offer embedded environmental analysis capabilities that remain underexplored in architectural education. Ninenteen undergraduate students at Tecnologico de Monterrey used Autodesk Forma to analyze a real residential subdivision provided by an industry partner, across two five-hour sessions. Four teams simultaneously populated a shared cloud model using both Revit mass imports and native Forma tools, then performed solar, wind, glare, and shadow analyses on their assigned zones. Students produced technically sound, multi-criteria bioclimatic arguments despite limited prior exposure to the platform. Reflections revealed significant conceptual shifts regarding orientation and passive design. Autodesk Forma proves viable for early-stage collaborative environmental analysis in undergraduate architectural education.
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creator: Juana Isabel Méndez Garduño
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Juana Isabel Méndez Garduño https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-06-27
publication date: 2026-06-27
starting page: 1
ending page: 10
doi: 10.69845/innovare.v15i1.633

Analysis of Profitability in Coffee Production and Sustainability: A Case Study of Family-Owned Businesses
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description: This study examined the impact of coffee production profitability on the economic and social sustainability of small family-run businesses in the municipality of San José de Colinas, Santa Bárbara, Honduras, during the 2018–2023 period. A mixed-methods approach was adopted, following the methodological framework proposed by Hernández Sampieri (2014), which integrates quantitative and qualitative data to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon. The design was explanatory and descriptive, cross-sectional and non-experimental, grounded in a positivist paradigm for the quantitative component and an interpretive paradigm for the qualitative component, in order to incorporate producers’ perceptions into the analysis. The population consisted of 929 coffee farmers in the municipality, from whom a representative stratified sample of 120 producers was selected. The independent variable was profitability in coffee production, defined as the annual economic result (revenue minus costs and expenses plus investment), while the dependent variable corresponded to family sustainability, understood as the level of well-being measured through the satisfaction of basic needs in housing, health, education, food, and transportation.
subject: Artículos originales
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creator: Hector Orlando Perdomo Fernández
creator: Roberto García-Lara
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Hector Orlando Perdomo Fernández, Roberto García-Lara https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-06-24
publication date: 2026-06-24
starting page: 1
ending page: 9
doi: 10.69845/innovare.v15i1.627

Evolution of Multicellularity and Complex Human Societies: The Common Factors Involved in Both Transitions
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description: Major evolutionary transitions in individuality (METI) represent profound reorganizations in biological and sociocultural systems, yet the organizational mechanisms that render these transitions directional and irreversible remain incompletely understood. In this review, a mechanistic framework for fraternal evolutionary transitions was proposed, focusing on general system-level properties rather than substrate-specific genetic or cultural mechanisms. The model emphasized sustained growth, energy availability, information expansion, and functional specialization as interacting drivers that push cooperative systems toward new organizational levels. The analysis showed that, as growing systems increase in size and interaction density, informational demands for coordination, regulation, and control rise nonlinearly. When these demands exceed the processing capacity of individual components, functional specialization emerges as a necessary structural response. It was also identified that, while specialization enhances efficiency and enables further growth, it is accompanied by functional simplification, loss of plasticity, and increasing interdependence among components, thereby introducing irreversibility into the system. In addition, communication and transport infrastructures were proposed as indispensable for maintaining integration as specialization deepens. By integrating energetic, informational, and organizational processes into a unified mechanistic model, this framework explains why fraternal evolutionary transitions---such as the emergence of multicellularity and complex human societies---exhibit consistent directionality, irreversibility, and competitive advantages under conditions of intergroup competition.
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creator: Edwin Francisco Herrera-Paz
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Edwin Francisco Herrera-Paz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-05-28
publication date: 2026-05-28
starting page: 1
ending page: 11
doi: 10.69845/innovare.v15i1.576

Innovation and Entrepreneurship Ecosystem in AgriFoodTech in the Northern Triangle of Central America
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description: Innovation is a key strategy for development in Central America but faces challenges such as low investment in R&D and weak articulation among actors. This article analyzes the AgriFoodTech innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystems in Honduras, Guatemala, and El Salvador using participatory workshops and documentary review. Common barriers, structural differences, and regional collaboration opportunities are identified. Strategic actions recommended: strengthening government-academia-business alliances, increasing R&D investment, adapting policies, and fostering capacity development programs. Coordinated action will lead to a more sustainable, competitive, and inclusive agri-food development model. Regional integration and strong collaboration among academia, government, and the private sector are critical factors for strengthening the AgriFoodTech ecosystem in the Northern Triangle of Central America.
subject: Artículos originales
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creator: Jose Oscar Murillo Vargas
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Jose Oscar Murillo Vargas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-06-24
publication date: 2026-06-24
starting page: 1
ending page: 6
doi: 10.69845/innovare.v15i1.613

Caffeine as a natural stimulant and metabolic modulator
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description: Caffeine is a natural central nervous system stimulant belonging to the group of methylxanthines and is the most widely consumed psychoactive substance in the world. This review synthesizes recent evidence on its use as a natural stimulant and modulator of metabolism. Its main mechanisms of action include the antagonism of adenosine A1 and A₂A, receptors, as well as secondary mechanisms such as inhibition of phosphodiesterases, activation of AMPK (adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase) and the regulation of intracellular calcium release. At the metabolic level, caffeine promotes lipolysis, fat oxidation and thermogenesis, as well as improving glucose uptake and mitochondrial function, which positively contributes to body composition and the prevention of metabolic diseases. At the physical and cognitive level, moderate doses of 3 to 6 mg kg 1 or between 100 and 300 mg show ergogenic effects and improvements in attention, especially under fatigue conditions. However, its consumption is not without risks, as it may have adverse dose-dependent effects, drug interactions and limitations in vulnerable populations such as pregnant women, children and people with cardiovascular diseases. Overall, the evidence supports informed and moderate use of caffeine, highlighting the need for personalized approaches and long-term clinical studies to confirm its sustained effects and explore possible epigenetic mechanisms.
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creator: Jhunior Marcía-Fuentes
creator: Brandy Nathaly Turcios-Matute
creator: Marvin Andrés Alvarado-Hernandez
creator: Alejandro Maldonado
creator: Walter Orellana-Canales
creator: Dani Ochoa-Cervantez
creator: Alejandro Barahona-Herrera
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Jhunior Marcía-Fuentes, Brandy Nathaly Turcios-Matute, Marvin Andrés Alvarado-Hernandez, Alejandro Maldonado, Walter Orellana-Canales, Dani Ochoa-Cervantez, Alejandro Barahona-Herrera https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-06-04
publication date: 2026-06-04
starting page: 1
ending page: 7
doi: 10.69845/innovare.v15i1.570

Evolutionary Model of Faculty and Institutional Evaluation for the Continuous Improvement of the Teaching and Learning Process
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description: The integration of teacher and institutional evaluation is established as a fundamental pillar for strengthening pedagogical performance and educational excellence. Given the current landscape in the United States, marked by a critical teacher shortage and high levels of professional burnout, this study aims to design an evaluative model that transcends punitive measurement, transforming it into effective strategies for continuous improvement. To achieve this, a qualitative descriptive methodology based on thematic analysis is employed. The procedure is structured into four main phases: transcription and data familiarization, open coding to identify emerging concepts, axial categorization for pattern discovery, and finally, a triangulation of information integrating interviews, state evaluation rubrics, and documentary analysis. The findings reveal that factors such as regulatory rigidity and post-pandemic workload have caused evaluation to be perceived as a control instrument. Nonetheless, it is demonstrated that active participation and constructive feedback are decisive for faculty to value the process as a genuine opportunity for professional growth. The study concludes that evaluation must be an ethical, reflective, and contextualized process that empowers teaching talent. It is imperative to have an integrated model that closely links teacher training with institutional management to guarantee meaningful learning outcomes.
subject: Artículos originales
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creator: Rocio Mejia
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Rocio Mejia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-04-30
publication date: 2026-04-30
starting page: 1
ending page: 8
doi: 10.69845/innovare.v15i1.580

Red Centroamericana y Caribeña de Investigadores del Fenómeno Religioso (RECIFRE 2025)
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description: The Second Congress of the Central American and Caribbean Network of Researchers on Religious Phenomena (RECIFRE), with the theme “Perspectives on religious diversity in the Central Caribbean region,” was held on July 30 and 31 and August 1, 2025, once again on the campus of the Central American Technological University (UNITEC) in Tegucigalpa, in partnership with the Virtual University, the Research Department, and the Working Group on “Religions and Society: Tensions, Diversity, and Mobilization in Debate” of the Latin American Council of Churches (LACC). (UNITEC) in Tegucigalpa, in partnership with the Virtual University, the Research Directorate, and the Working Group on “Religions and Society: Tensions, Diversity, and Mobilizations in Debate” of the Latin American Council of Social Sciences (CLACSO). During this edition, participants reflected on the different perspectives on religious diversity in southern Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean, emphasizing hegemony and counterbalances, society and politics, geography, spaces and territorialities, Afro-Caribbean ethnicities and spiritualities, as well as gender.
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creator: RECIFRE Centroamericana de Investigadores del Fenómeno Religioso
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 RECIFRE https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
starting page: 1
ending page: 38
doi: 10.69845/innovare.v14i2.573

Quality, optimization, and cybersecurity: innovative processes and applied technology for regional sustainability and competitiveness
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description: Science and technology continue to be fundamental pillars for sustainable development and social transformation. However, significant challenges remain in the Central American region in terms of access to, adoption of, and development of technologies, which limits the capacity for innovation in different sectors. Through this issue, Innovare seeks to contribute to reducing this gap by promoting the dissemination of research aimed at strengthening innovative processes in various areas of knowledge.
subject: Editorial
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creator: José Luis Ordóñez Ávila
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 José Luis Ordóñez Ávila https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-29
publication date: 2025-12-29
starting page: 1
ending page: 1
doi: 10.69845/innovare.v14i2.572

Between Mathematical Training and Professional Reality in Panama’s Mathematics Degree Programs
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description: Mathematics education in Panama faces a growing tension between the academic rigor of university training and the professional reality encountered by graduates. Although the University of Panama maintains formal and well-structured curricula in both the Bachelor’s Degree in Mathematics and the Bachelor’s Degree in Mathematics Education, evidence points to persistent problems of student dropout, extended academic trajectories, and a low recent output of graduates. Most graduates are absorbed almost exclusively into the educational sector, which contrasts with the diversity of professional pathways outlined in the curriculum. Factors such as weaknesses in prior mathematical preparation, socioeconomic difficulties, and a demanding academic transition without sufficient support negatively affect student retention. This situation undermines the development of strategic human capital for the country and highlights the need for educational policies that balance rigor with institutional support. Strengthening these degree programs is therefore not only a university-level challenge, but a priority for Panama’s scientific, educational, and productive development.
subject: Opinión
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creator: Julio Enrique Trujillo González
creator: Noriel Augusto Cosme Toribio
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Julio Trujillo-González, Noriel Cosme Toribio https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-29
publication date: 2025-12-29
starting page: 1
ending page: 2
doi: 10.69845/innovare.v14i2.571

Business Incubators for the University Student Training Process
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description: In the context of the transformation of higher education toward entrepreneurship- and innovation-oriented models, university business incubators (UBIs) have become established as strategic mechanisms for strengthening students’ entrepreneurial development. The objective of the study was to analyze the evolution of scientific production on university business incubators and their relationship with the university student training process during the period 2010–2025. However, the scientific literature on their contribution exhibits conceptual dispersion and a marked territorial centralization of academic production. A bibliometric review of scientific production indexed in Scopus and Web of Science was conducted for the period 2010–2025. A total of 54 documents were identified, and their metadata were analyzed using indicators of temporal evolution, author productivity, source distribution, subject areas, geographic concentration, and keyword co-occurrence. The analysis interpretatively incorporated the principles of Lotka’s, Bradford’s, and Zipf’s laws. The results reveal irregular growth in publications, with peaks in specific years, disciplinary predominance in business, management, and education, and concentration of production in countries with well-established university systems. The co-occurrence map confirms a cohesive thematic structure centered on student, university, incubator, and entrepreneurial education. The field demonstrates an intermediate level of scientific maturity and thematic articulation; however, significant gaps persist in emerging regions, particularly in Latin America. The evidence obtained provides an empirical basis for guiding future research and strengthening university incubation strategies aimed at developing entrepreneurial competencies.
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creator: Roger Meléndez Artica
creator: Martin Martínez Rangel
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Roger Meléndez Artica, Martin Martínez Rangel https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-03-13
publication date: 2026-03-13
starting page: 1
ending page: 10
doi: 10.69845/innovare.v15i1.566

AI governance: Hiroshima AI process compared to Honduran and Latin American advances
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description: Introduction. The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has reshaped industries and societies globally, necessitating robust governance frameworks to manage its development responsibly. Case presentation. This document compares the G7 Hiroshima AI Process and Chile’s National Policy on Artificial Intelligence, highlighting their distinct approaches and shared objectives. The Hiroshima AI Process, launched during the 2023 G7 Summit, emphasizes global collaboration, ethical guidelines, and a human-centric, risk-based framework. In contrast, Chile’s governance focuses on national priorities, featuring a ten-year action plan and legislation to integrate AI into its socio-economic fabric. Discussion. Both frameworks address transparency, accountability, and ethical considerations, albeit on different scales. While the Hiroshima AI Process sets a global standard for interoperability and shared governance, Chile’s efforts exemplify localized implementation with international collaboration. Conclusion. Together, these initiatives underscore the necessity of diverse strategies in navigating AI’s complexities effectively which in the future could serve as a base to the Honduran government for establishing or adopting existing measures for AI governance.
subject: Report of cases and experiences
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creator: Delond Angelo Jimenez-Nixon
creator: Hiroyuki Ishii
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Delond Angelo Jimenez-Nixon https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-29
publication date: 2025-12-29
starting page: 1
ending page: 4
doi: 10.69845/innovare.v14i2.569

Self-medication and associated factors in patients with acne attending a private health facility, Honduras
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description: Introduction. In patients with acne vulgaris, self-medication may be a common practice with potential complications. The objective of this study was to identify the frequency of self-medication and its associated factors among patients with acne attending a private clinic in San Pedro Sula, during the period May-August 2025. Methods. Quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional study with association analysis. A consecutive sample of 90 patients meeting the selection criteria was included. Data were collected using a self-designed instrument. Results. The 66.7% of participants were women and 33.3% were men. Most were aged 18–29 years (57.8%), followed by adults ≥30 years (22.2%) and adolescents aged 12–17 years (20%). The frequency of self-medication was 71.1%. The most commonly used products were topical retinoids (28%), oral antibiotics (23%), and commercial products (17%). Social media was the main source of information (44%). Self-medication was associated with a perceived moderate to severe acne (PR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.02–2.03) and barriers to accessing dermatological care (PR: 3.13; 95% CI: 1.65–5.91). Conclusion. Self-medication among patients with acne is highly prevalent and is related to perceived moderate to severe disease severity, as well as limitations in accessing specialized dermatological care.
subject: Artículos originales
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creator: Isaac Jonathan Marriaga Hernández
creator: Merlyn Michelle Matthews Erazo
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Isaac Jonathan Marriaga Hernández, Merlyn Michelle Matthews Erazo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
starting page: 1
ending page: 8
doi: 10.69845/innovare.v14i2.538

Bibliometric Analysis on Innovation and Cybersecurity: A Strategic Approach for Digitalized Companies in Latin America
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description: This research aims to analyze the evolution, intellectual structure, and trends in scientific production on innovation and cybersecurity in digitized companies in Latin America using a bibliometric approach. Methods. A bibliometric analysis was performed on publications indexed in Scopus and Web of Science for the period 2015–2025. Indicators of temporal growth, authors, journals, subject areas, and collaboration networks were analyzed using normalization and visualization techniques with VOSviewer. Results. The results show exponential growth in the literature since 2020, with a coefficient of determination R² = 0.87. Scientific production is mainly concentrated in computer science and engineering, with a predominance of the English language and limited intraregional collaboration in Latin America. Co-occurrence maps identify innovation as a connecting link between cybersecurity and business resilience. Conclusion. It is concluded that innovation emerges as a key mediating variable for strengthening organizational resilience to cyber risks. However, geographical, linguistic, and funding gaps persist, limiting the contextualized development of knowledge in Latin America.
subject: Artículos originales
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creator: Amalia Patricia Hernandez Bonilla
creator: Ángel Eduardo Acevedo Duque
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Amalia Patricia Hernandez Bonilla, Ángel Eduardo Acevedo Duque https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-26
publication date: 2025-12-26
starting page: 1
ending page: 9
doi: 10.69845/innovare.v14i2.563

Mobile unit for pig processing: Diagnosis and alternative for small producers in the central region of Honduras
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description: Introduction. Food safety in agricultural systems in developing countries largely depends on the capacity to ensure product innocuousness across all production stages, from slaughter to the preservation of meat products (INCAP, 2012). Case presentation. This study, conducted in the central region of Honduras, examines the impact of infrastructure and technology deficits in the swine sector, assessing the performance of small-scale producers in relation to international sanitary standards. Through a quantitative and cross-sectional approach, critical gaps are identified in the management of facilities, equipment, and hygienic procedures, which directly increase the vulnerability of the local food chain and affect product quality and safety. Discussion. International evidence supports that unequal access to public services and adequate equipment constitutes a structural barrier to equity and sustainable rural development. Conclusion. Building on this empirical basis, the study highlights the need for innovation through the implementation of a mobile pig slaughter unit designed to address the specific challenges of the territory. This technological alternative would facilitate the application of good slaughtering practices, the adoption of autonomous refrigeration systems, and improvements in product traceability, integrating sanitary, environmental, and social objectives. Food safety—recognized as a non-negotiable prerequisite for public health and international trade—thus emerges as a guiding axis for competitiveness and resilience in rural production, in alignment with WHO and FAO recommendations.
subject: Report of cases and experiences
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creator: Geovina Yamileth Martinez Hernandez
creator: Wilmer Omar Rios Valladares
creator: Romel Antonio Bonilla Moreno
creator: Carlos Ivan Roque Zavala
creator: Anahi Elizabeth Hernandez Baca
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Geovina Yamileth Martinez Hernandez, Wilmer Omar Rios Valladares, Romel Antonio Bonilla Moreno, Carlos Ivan Roque Zavala, Anahi Elizabeth Hernandez Baca https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-19
publication date: 2025-12-19
starting page: 1
ending page: 6
doi: 10.69845/innovare.v14i2.509

CONICIETI. Section miscellaneous
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description: As a product of the II Edition of the International Conference on Science, Technology and Innovation (CONICIETI), of the Central American Technological University (UNITEC), the short articles of the thematic block of miscellaneous block are presented.
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creator: Dirección de Investigación UNITEC Honduras
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Dirección de Investigación UNITEC Honduras https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-11
publication date: 2025-12-11
starting page: 1
ending page: 29
doi: 10.69845/innovare.v14i2-1.559

Optimization of a manufacturing process through simulation with FlexSim: Comparative analysis with traditional methods
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description: Introduction. This study presents a comparative analysis between traditional methods and computer simulation for optimizing a manufacturing process. Methods. FlexSim was used as a simulation tool to model a desk lamp assembly line, comparing the results obtained with traditional analytical calculations. Results. The results demonstrate that simulation allows for more accurate identification of bottlenecks and efficient evaluation of multiple improvement scenarios. The simulated model showed a 23.5% reduction in cycle time and an 18.7% increase in overall system productivity. Conclusion. The findings suggest that simulation with FlexSim offers significant advantages over traditional methods in terms of accuracy, flexibility, and the ability to analyze complex scenarios.
subject: Artículos originales
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creator: Douglas Adalberto Aguilar Montoya
creator: Wendy Stephanie Martínez Almendares
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Douglas Adalberto Aguilar Montoya, Wendy Stephanie Martínez Almendares https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-17
publication date: 2025-12-17
starting page: 1
ending page: 6
doi: 10.69845/innovare.v14i2.558

From wounds to functional ecosystems thanks to the silent work of mycorrhizae
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description: Soil degradation advances due to pollution, excessive use of agrochemicals and the elimination of sustainable practices, deteriorating biodiversity and essential ecological functions. Considering this, mycorrhizae are a very important natural resource in soil restoration since they contribute to the uptake of nutrients, to the establishment of microbial communities and the maintenance of soil structure, in addition to mitigating the toxicity of heavy metals through their immobilization, however, it is not very present in environmental policies.
subject: Opinión
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creator: Geraldine Vanessa Rojas García
creator: Yuly Maru Quispe Ñaupa
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Geraldine Vanessa Rojas García, Yuly Maru Quispe Ñaupa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-19
publication date: 2025-12-19
starting page: 1
ending page: 2
doi: 10.69845/innovare.v14i2.546

Towards clean agriculture: The potential of vermicompost against soil contamination by heavy metals
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description: In many regions of the country, farmers continue working lands that no longer produce as they once did. This is not due to a lack of effort or knowledge, but rather to the silent burden of heavy metal contamination that, little by little, is draining the life from the soil. Even so, this issue rarely appears in public discussions or in the decisions made by authorities. Therefore, when analyzing research such as the thesis “Effect of Vermicompost on Alfalfa Growth and Cadmium Content in Contaminated Soil from Huaripampa, Jauja,” the question inevitably arises as to why such accessible and promising solutions are not being implemented on a larger scale. The study demonstrates that vermicompost, an input that many people could produce, contributes to improving soil quality and reducing cadmium levels without relying on costly technologies. However, these alternatives continue to be overlooked. This work not only provides scientific evidence, but also serves as a reminder that, if there is a true intention to restore the land, it is necessary to begin considering solutions that are more humane, simpler, and more connected to local realities.
subject: Opinión
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creator: Roe Ccochachi
creator: MAX ENDRICK OSORIO ACEVEDO
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Roe Ccochachi, MAX E. Osorio https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2026-04-23
publication date: 2026-04-23
starting page: 1
ending page: 3
doi: 10.69845/innovare.v15i1.542

Physicochemical and bacteriological quality of the Villanueva aquifer, Cortés, Honduras
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description: Introduction. This study evaluated the groundwater quality of the Villanueva aquifer to determine its suitability for human consumption. Methods. Water samples were collected from eight sites in October 2020 and February 2021 for laboratory-based physicochemical and bacteriological analyses. Results. The laboratory results showed that pH values ranged from 6.23 to 7.8 during the rainy season. The highest electrical conductivity was recorded in February (1328.1 µS/cm), while the lowest was observed in October (877 µS/cm). Water hardness peaked in February, reaching 353.99 mg/L. In October, the water had the highest alkalinity value of 379.76 mg/L. The results of bacteriological analyses indicated high values (816.4 CFU of total coliforms and 160 CFU of fecal coliforms). Conclusion. The physicochemical quality of the water is influenced by the dissolution of limestone formations and the mineral load transported by the Ulúa River and deposited in the valley. Moreover, the high concentrations of bacteriological contaminants render the groundwater from the Villanueva aquifer unsuitable for human consumption.
subject: Artículos originales
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creator: Erick Noel Chávez Olvera
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Erick Noel Chávez Olvera https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-12-05
publication date: 2025-12-05
starting page: 1
ending page: 9
doi: 10.69845/innovare.v14i2.512

CONICIETI. Section biological and health sciences
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description: As a product of the II Edition of the International Conference on Science, Technology and Innovation (CONICIETI), of the Central American Technological University (UNITEC), the short articles of the thematic block of biological and health sciences are presented.
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creator: Dirección de Investigación UNITEC Honduras
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Dirección de Investigación UNITEC Honduras https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-11-11
publication date: 2025-11-11
starting page: 1
ending page: 33
doi: 10.69845/innovare.v14i2-1.536

CONICIETI. Section teaching and learning
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description: The Universidad Tecnológica Centroamericana (UNITEC) successfully held the Second Edition of the International Conference on Science, Technology, and Innovation (CONICIETI) and the Sixth Edition of the Research Awards, as the largest bilingual international scientific meeting in Honduras. CONICIETI is an initiative promoted by UNITEC's Direction of Research to promote research, purposeful science, and the exchange of knowledge between local and international universities.
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creator: Dirección de Investigación UNITEC Honduras
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Dirección de Investigación UNITEC Honduras https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-11-11
publication date: 2025-11-11
starting page: 1
ending page: 25
doi: 10.69845/innovare.v14i2-1.535

CONICIETI. Section sustainable development
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description: As a product of the II Edition of the International Conference on Science, Technology and Innovation (CONICIETI), of the Central American Technological University (UNITEC), the short articles of the sustainable development block are presented.
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creator: Dirección de Investigación UNITEC Honduras
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Dirección de Investigación UNITEC Honduras https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-29
publication date: 2025-10-29
starting page: 1
ending page: 17
doi: 10.69845/innovare.v14i2-1.531

CONICIETI. Section social sciences, humanities and arts
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description: As a product of the II Edition of the International Conference on Science, Technology and Innovation (CONICIETI), of the Central American Technological University (UNITEC), the short articles of the block social sciences, humanities and arts are presented,
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creator: Dirección de Investigación UNITEC Honduras
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Dirección de Investigación UNITEC Honduras https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-29
publication date: 2025-10-29
starting page: 1
ending page: 37
doi: 10.69845/innovare.v14i2-1.529

CONICIETI. Section engineering, technology, and management
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description: As a product of the II Edition of the International Conference on Science, Technology and Innovation (CONICIETI), of the Central American Technological University (UNITEC), the short articles of the engineering, technology and management block are presented.
subject: Suplement
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creator: Dirección de Investigación UNITEC Honduras
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Dirección de Investigación UNITEC Honduras https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-27
publication date: 2025-10-27
starting page: 1
ending page: 31
doi: 10.69845/innovare.v14i2-1.528

Foreword and photo gallery
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description: The Universidad Tecnológica Centroamericana (UNITEC) successfully held the Second Edition of the International Conference on Science, Technology, and Innovation (CONICIETI) and the Sixth Edition of the Research Awards, as the largest bilingual international scientific meeting in Honduras. CONICIETI is an initiative promoted by UNITEC's Direction of Research to promote research, purposeful science, and the exchange of knowledge between local and international universities. Segmented by area, the short articles of the research presented are organized by thematic block.
subject: Editorial
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creator: Dirección de Investigación UNITEC Honduras
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Dirección de Investigación UNITEC Honduras https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-27
publication date: 2025-10-27
starting page: 1
ending page: 6
doi: 10.69845/innovare.v14i2-1.527

Proceedings Congreso de Innovación Educativa (CIE 2024)
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description: The Educational Innovation Congress (CIE2024) continues to establish itself as an international academic event focused on educational innovations and technologies in our country and around the world. This year's edition brought together more than 800 participants from 18 countries, combining in-person and virtual formats. Forty-six higher education institutions participated, and 67 papers were presented, the result of collaborative work by 78 authors. CIE2024 once again became a meeting place for reflection, the exchange of best practices, and the dissemination of trends that are transforming higher education. Held in a hybrid environment on September 23 and 24, 2024, this edition brought together teachers, researchers, and specialists committed to the continuous improvement of teaching and learning processes.
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creator: Innovación Educativa UNITEC
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Innovación Educativa UNITEC https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2024-09-29
publication date: 2024-09-29
starting page: 1
ending page: 71
doi: 10.69845/innovare.v14i2.511

New educational models will determine the future of the universities
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description: Higher education faces a series of challenges that require structural changes to educational models and academic spaces at all levels. Currently, universities worldwide are reevaluating their teaching systems, the labor market, technological advances, and the skills that graduates should have.
subject: Editorial
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creator: Martha Isabel Zepeda Sánchez
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Martha Isabel Zepeda Sánchez https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-06-30
publication date: 2025-06-30
starting page: 1
ending page: 1
doi: 10.69845/innovare.v14i1.493

Scientometric and bibliometric analysis of scientific production on territorial competitiveness to 2024
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description: Introduction. The topic of competitiveness is of interest to countries seeking to attract more investment and well-being to a given region. This justifies conducting a quantitative and qualitative analysis of scientific production on territorial competitiveness, to understand its development, dynamics, and trends in scientific publications on the topic, for the benefit of researchers, academics, professionals, and government officials. Methods. The methodology used was that presented by Michán and Muñoz-Velasco in a previous publication, using Google Scholar and Web of Science to search for books and articles on the topic. Results. A total of 154 scientific documents met the requirements of the structured search, including the concept of territorial competitiveness. 57.14% were published in the last five years (2018 to 2022) and with an intensive spatial concentration on the European continent. 87.11% of the scientific articles on territorial competitiveness originated in 27 European countries (61.36%). Conclusion: The concept of territorial competitiveness is cutting-edge and is linked to territorial development, positioning, productivity, systems, environment, and well-being, in addition to its relationship with traditional concepts related to capital, land, human resources, and the workforce. It should be pursued as a line of study applied to sustainable development.
subject: Artículos
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creator: Givanildo Leonel Sosa-Benavides
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Givanildo Leonel Sosa-Benavides https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-06-30
publication date: 2025-06-30
starting page: 1
ending page: 8
doi: 10.69845/innovare.v14i1.490

Innovative and multidisciplinary experience establishing the One Health Research Institute in Honduras
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description: One Health is an integrated, unifying approach that aims to sustainably balance and optimize the health of people, animals and ecosystems. Observing the organizational format of the Group on Earth Observations (GEO) Health Community of Practice, the One Health Research Institute was created by Universidad Tecnológica Centroamericana in April 2024. This letter presents the first year of experience of a center that could represent a model research institution in the Americas region.
subject: Letters to the editor
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creator: Reyna M. Durón
creator: José Luis Portillo
creator: Heike Hesse
creator: María Elena Perdomo
creator: José Luis Ordóñez-Ávila
creator: Paola Michelle Pascua Cantarero
creator: Allan Iván Izaguirre González
creator: Evelin Álvarez Herrera
creator: Eduardo P. Murillo
creator: Wendy Paola Piura
creator: Juan Carlos Ortiz
creator: Glenda Oliva
creator: Concepción Zúniga Valeriano
creator: Alex Edgardo Padilla Padilla
creator: Liza Escober G.
creator: Tomás Alfonso Guevara Zapata
creator: Helena Chapman
creator: Carlos Barboza Pizard
creator: Guímel Peralta
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Reyna M. Durón, José Luis Portillo, Heike Hesse, María Elena Perdomo , José Luis Ordóñez-Ávila, Paola Michelle Pascua Cantarero, Allan Iván Izaguirre González, Evelin Álvarez Herrera, Eduardo P. Murillo, Wendy Paola Piura, Juan Carlos Ortiz, Glenda Oliva, Concepción Zúniga Valeriano, Alex Edgardo Padilla Padilla, Liza Escober G., Tomás Alfonso Guevara Zapata, Helena Chapman, Carlos Barboza Pizard, Guímel Peralta https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-06-29
publication date: 2025-06-29
starting page: 1
ending page: 2
doi: 10.69845/innovare.v14i1.491