Drought on Mexican soil and the threat to food security: viable options to address them

Abstract

Soil is the vehicle for producing the grains, fruits and vegetables that feed Mexicans and natural resources. They contribute an invaluable biodiversity wealth to the country and the world. The climatic changes of the last two decades in Mexico highlight drought for decreasing production and deteriorating the quality of agricultural soils, putting food security at risk. This requires research on these issues at the national and international level, through the search for academic articles in the country and viable alternatives, in the last twenty years. We found scarce results in half of the entities; addressing specific problems; as well as institutional reports of reforestation actions with percentages by state, particular studies of attention to the soil; showing experiences of implementation of techniques to recover it, with the participation of producers, agricultural and livestock educational institutions and public policies. The technology of renewable energies is a milestone to reduce the negative impact on the environment, where the use of biomass waste for the care of deteriorated soils in rural areas, with socioeconomic advantages. Finally, taking advantage of this resource promotes the circular economy by generating multipurpose energy, with the participation of the population, educational and/or technical projects, and federal and international institutions, will be able to meet the specific needs of the territory for the benefit of sustainability and food security in Mexico.